Processes of Water Treatment

Processes of Water Treatment Question Limit of detection Stating the water supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001, limit of detection is calculated as three times the relative within batch standard deviation of a natural sample containing a low concentration of the parameter. Also, its means five times the relative within batch standard deviation of a blank sample. DA Armbruster et al (1994) stated that the limit of detection may be determined statistically based on measuring replicate blank negative samples or empirically by measuring progressively more dilute concentrations of analyte. Limit of detection (In analysis) Limit of detection is expressed as the concentration, cl, or the quantity, ql, is derived from the smallest measure, xl, that can be detected with reasonable certainty for a given analytical procedure. The value of xl, is then given by the equation: xL = xbi + ksbi Where xbi = Mean of the blank measures   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sbi = Standard deviation of the blank measures   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  K = The numerical factor chosen according to the confidence level desired. (IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2 (2007)). Trueness Stating the water supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001, trueness also referred to as the systematic error is the calculated difference between the true value and the main value of the large number of repeated measurements. Andrzej Bobrowski et al (2004) stated that trueness indicates the closeness between an accepted reference value and the average value of the considered laboratory test. Practically, it is defined as the closeness of agreement between the mean of the result of a measurements of a measurand obtained specifically between day precision conditions and the true or conventional true value of the measurement Dr. Xavier Fuentes-Arderiu (2009). Precision By stating the water supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001, precision also referred to as the random error is being calculated as twice the standard deviation (within a batch and between batches) of the spread of result about the mean. According to Andrzej Bobrowski et al (2004), precision indicates the closeness of agreement between independent test results obtained under stipulated conditions and thus, should be obtained by using the standard fortified samples (blanks) at different circumstances across working range. The most common way to express precision is in form of standard deviation. However, it is also expressed as a variance or a coefficient of variation. Question 2 Part 1 Directive requirements Chemical Parameter According to the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001, Benzene is indentified as a chemical parameter under part 1 directive requirements with maximum concentration value of 1.0 and it is measured in  µg/1. Its point of compliance is in the consumers taps. Microbiological Parameter Under the part 1 directive requirements of the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001, Escherichia coli is a microbiological parameter with maximum concentration value of 0, unit of measurement in Number/100ml and point of compliance in the consumers taps. Part II National Requirements Chemical Parameter According to the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001, Manganese is a part II national chemical parameter with maximum concentration value of 50, unit of measurement as  µg/Mn/1 and its point of compliance is in the consumers taps. Microbiological Parameter Coliform bacteria is a part II national microbiological parameter Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001 with maximum concentration at 0, unit of measurement as Number/100ml and its point of compliance is at the service reservoir and water treatment works. Question 3 Part I Directive requirements Exposure to benzene causes depression of the central nervous system (CNS), drowsiness, and nausea, loss of co-coordination, confusion and unconsciousness. At 25 ppm, it has no effects, but between 50 to 150 ppm, it produces headaches and tiredness (Canadian centre for occupational health and safety (2007)). Long term exposure or inhalation of benzene causes blood disorders in the human. Specifically, benzene affects the bone marrow and causes damages to the immune system. Also, chronic exposure to benzene in women leads to reproductive effects such as decrease in the size of the ovaries, menstrual disorders etc. It causes severe bloody diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. In children below age 5 and the elderly, it causes an infection called haemolytic uremic syndrome, which destroys the red blood cells and leads to kidney failure (US Environmental protection Agency (2006)). Part II National requirements In the book by Levy J.S and Nasetta W.J (2003) Chronic inhalation of manganese into the human body may cause damage to the nervous system and the respiratory tract. Excessive exposure to manganese causes an irreversible brain disease with a prominent psychological and neurological disturbance which looks like Parkinson diseases also known as Manganism (Bureau of Environmental health (2009)). Basically, coliform bacteria do not cause sickness in human but their presence in a water gives rise to public health concerns due to the potential of other pathogenic or disease causing organism like bacteria, protozoa and viruses also being present in the water. The waterborne diseases from these organisms involves flu-like systems such as fever, diarrhoea vomiting and nausea (Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (1998)). Question 4 Rational for the use of the indicator Parameter: The rational for the use of conductivity as an indicator is detecting water pollution. Water has a comparatively invariable range of conductivity and once the conductivity is established, it is being used as the bases for assessment with regular conductivity measurements. Conductivity determines a number of applications relating to the water quality. These applications are stated below; Quick notification of difference or variance in wastewaters and natural water. Conductivity is used in the determination of the amount of treatment chemicals to be added in a water sample. It is used in determining mineralization: this is referred to as total dissolved solids and the total dissolved solids results is used to determining the overall ionic effect in water source Lastly, it is used in the estimation of the size of samples to be for other chemical analyses. Question 5 Quality of the abstracted water The Abstracted water in Peidiwch Yfed y Dwr is comprised of chemical parameters with values that does not correspond with the value stated by the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2001. According to the regulations, the limit for iron in water is 200 µg/l which is below 2mg/l, the concentration level of iron in the abstracted water. Binnie et al (2002) stated that iron may be derived from raw water or from corrosion of iron water mains and they are common in ground waters (p9). High concentration of iron makes water corrosive with reddish or brownish yellow stains. (See figure 1 below). It will also have operational effects on the plumbing equipments due to corrosion which might result in blocking up the water distribution system Binnie et al, (2002). The water regulation allows maximum concentration value of 50 µg/l for manganese which is below the concentration of manganese in the abstracted water. Manganese is derived from raw water Binnie et al, (2002) and since the level of manganese in the water is 1mg/l, the water will be toxic which causes Toxicity to the nervous system something similar to Parkinsons disease (Connecticut department of public health(2010)). The abstracted water having a pH of 6.3 makes it acidic. The required pH for water under the regulations is 6.5. Due to its acidic nature, it would contain metal ions which causes a blue green staining of the sinks and damage to metal piping due to corrosion and health risk associated with the toxic metals. Hard water relates to the level of calcium and magnesium compounds present in water. Hard water does not pose a health risk but it causes scale in water. Water hardness ranging between 60 120 mg/l is moderately hard (American ground water trust (2003)). Since the hardness is 70mg/l, the content is not acceptable. The concentration of total pesticides in the water poses a great risk to human health (See figure 2 below). The maximum value allowed for total pesticides in the water is 0.50 µg/l which is below the concentration in the abstracted water. Thus, the water is not of good quality. Buzzi, (1992) states that effects of pesticides can range from premature birth to birth defects involving the CNS and internal organs (p100). The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons allowed under the regulations is 0.10 µg/l which is above the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the abstracted water. According to N.F. Gray (1994) World health organization has set a level for 3,4-benzopyrene of 10ng/l which is equivalent to 0.00001mg/l. Water containing more than these amounts would cause gastrointestinal and oesophageal tumours (p 147). Cryptosporidium outbreak in the town may occur due to faecal-contamination of the water resources directly or indirectly by sewage or animal waste. According to Gray (1994), they are parasitic protozoa that forms oocyst which allows them to survive longer in water while waiting to be ingested by a host(p160) (See figure below).Low level exposure to the oocyst is capable of initiating an infection Rose (1990) and in a study by Blewett et al (1993) it was indicated that a single oocyst may be enough to cause infection. N.F. Gray (2004) stated that the main symptoms of cryptosporidiosis are stomach cramps, nausea, dehydration and headaches(p160). Technology/Operation to make the abstracted water wholesome To make the abstracted water wholesome, it will undergo some treatment process. Firstly, the concentration of iron and manganese in the water are at 2mg/l and 1mg/l respectively compared to 200 µg/l and 50 µg/l which is the value for the water to be wholesome. Therefore, it would be treated by coagulation or flocculation which is the addition of chemical such as ferric sulphate that forms floc and entraps the impurities in the water. The floc will then be separated from the water through sedimentation. To remove the taste and odour, the water will undergo aeration, ozonation and adsorption on actuated carbon. The pH level will be adjusted to 6.5 by adding alkaline substances such as calcium carbonate i.e. free lime or by aeration. The water will then undergo boiling at a very high temperature so that the bicarbonate will decompose to produce calcium/magnesium carbonate which is not soluble in water. Thus, it precipitates out thereby reducing the hardness of the water. Carbon filtration will be done in other to reduce the total pesticides present to 0.50 µg/l which is the level required by the regulation. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon present in the water differs from the stipulated concentration according to the regulations which is 0.9 µg/l, therefore microfiltration will be done to adjust the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the water. The water will undergo ultraviolet filtration to treat the effect of cryptosporidium which involves ultra filtration, microfiltration and nano filtration. This process will remove organic compounds from the water thereby reducing the effect of cryptosporidium in the water. Finally, the water will be disinfected with the addition of chlorine to deactivate all pathogenic microorganisms present in the water before consumption. Advantages The advantage of coagulant water treatment is that it is very effective in removing particles that are otherwise very difficult to remove in water. Also, using water softeners in reducing the water hardness and adjusting the pH value prevents limescale and increases heating efficiency in water. The advantage of using activated carbon filters in water is that it effectively removes organic contaminants from the water. The advantage of using ultra violet water filters in treating the effect of cryptosporidium is due to the fact that it generally kill 99.9% of bacteria and viruses in water. The advantage of chlorine disinfection is that it is cheap and readily available in gas, liquid or powder. Disadvantages The disadvantage of coagulants is the cost and the need for accurate dosing and frequent monitoring. In using water softeners, the disadvantage involved is that the output water may not be suitable for drinking. The disadvantage in the use of carbon filters is that it does not remove microbes, nitrates, sodium and hardness. The disadvantages of using ultraviolet water filters in treating the effect of cryptosporidium is that it only kills the bacteria, it wont remove the dead cell and other contaminants in the water. The disadvantage of chlorine disinfection is taste and odour problems. Treatment Train Water is usually given an appropriate treatment to ensure the water supply is of high and consistent quality. A potential treatment train flow chart to produce water meeting the requirements of the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulation 2001 is shown below: References N.F. Gray. (1994) Drinking water quality: problems and solutions. John Wiley Sons. Buzzi. (1992) Chemical Hazards at Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants. Lewis. D.A Armbruster, M. D Tillman et al. (1994) Limit of detection (LQD)/limit of quantitation (LOQ): comparison of the empirical and the statistical methods exemplified with GC-MS assays of abused drugs. Clinical Chemistry, Vol 40, 1233-123. Andrzej Bobrowski, Jan Mocak et al. (2004) Metrological Characteristics and Comparison of Analytical Methods for Determination of Chromium Traces in Water Samples. Acta Chim. Slov. 2004, 51, 77-93. Dr. Xavier Fuentes-Arderiu. (2009) Trueness and Uncertainty Westgard QC, Universitat de Barcelona, CATALONIA (SPAIN). Canadian centre for occupational health and safety (2007) [online]. Available from: http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/chem_profiles/benzene/health_ben.html#_1_1 [Accessed 3rd January 2010] US Environmental protection Agency (2006) [online]. Available from: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/contaminants/ecoli.html#four [Accessed 2nd January 2010] Levy, J.S and Nasetta, W.J. (2003) Neurologic effects of manganese in humans: a review. International J Occup Environmental Health. 2003 Apr-Jun;9(2):153-63. Bureau of Environmental health, health assessment section (2009) Manganese in water. Columbus, Ohio. IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2nd edition (2007) [online]. Available from: http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/L03540.pdf [Accessed 4th January 2010]. Chris Binnie, Martin Kimber et al. (2002) Basic water treatment. 3rd edition. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge. Connecticut department of public health(2010) [online]. Available from : www.ct.gov/dph/lib/dph/drinking_water/pdf/manganese.pdf [Accessed 5th January 2010]. Rose, J.B. (1990) Emerging issues from the microbiology of drinking water. Water Engineering and Management, July, 23. Blewett, D.A., Wright, S.E. et al. (1993) Infective dose size studies on Cryptosporidium parvum using gnotobiotic lambs. Water Science and Technology, 27 (3-4), 61. Health Hazard Information-From the EPA Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants-Draft (2010) [online]. Available from: http://www.acute-myelogenous-leukemia.com/html/hazard.html [Accessed 5th January 2010]. U.S Environmental protection agency (2006) Drinking water contaminants [online]. Available from: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/contaminants/ecoli.html[[Accessed 4th January 2010]. Health Maxx Plus Inc (2007) What is pH? [online]. Available from: http://www.healthmaxxplus.net/#/what-is-ph/4529153688 [Accessed 5th January 2010]. Wisconsin Department of Health Services (2008) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) [online]. Available from: http://dhs.wi.gov/eh/ChemFS/fs/PAH.htm [Accessed 7th January 2010]. Iron in drinking water (2003) [online]. Available from: http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/water/dwg/iron.htm [Accessed 5th January 2010]. Lenntech water treatment solution (2009) Iron (Fe) and water [online] Available from: http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/water/iron/iron-and-water.htm [Accessed 3rd January 2010]. APEC (2009) pH values of water explained [online]. Available from: http://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water-education/quality-water-ph.htm [Accessed 4th January 2010]. The Manganese Health Research Program (2010) Brief Background on the Health Effects of Manganese [online]. Available from: http://www.manganese-health.org/about_us/healtheffects [Accessed 7th January 2010]. Pesticides (2002) Fact Sheet Series: Pesticides in Drinking Water [online]. Available from: http://www.waterbornediseases.org/FactSheets/pesticide.htm [Accessed 6th January 2010]. Conductivity and Water Quality (2010) Environmental Impact [online]. Available from: http://www.kywater.org/ww/ramp/rmcond.htm [Accessed 8th January 2010]. Chelsea and Westminister Hospital (NHS) (2008) Water Safety Cryptosporidium [online]. Available from: http://www.chelwest.nhs.uk/documents/hiv_factsheets/general/Water%20Safety%20%20Cryptosporidium.pdf [Accessed 4th January 2010].

Modern Irony Essay

Since the beginning of time, man has attempted to unravel the seemingly infinite mysteries of life. The English playwright Tom Stoppard has written plays that address the existence of â€Å"fate† (or a predestined outcome for every human being) and controlling one’s own destiny. His plays also deal with the many other uncertainties that arise during a normal person’s life; such as sex, how we know things, etc. (Tom Stoppard) Stoppard’s utilization of satire and drawn parallels mirror the image of life’s faults and intricacies. His plays serve to show people the humor and irony that life presents. During the time that Stoppard wrote his first play, Rosencrantz and Guildenstein, society was experiencing a social upheaval. The late sixties was a time of experimentation and existentialism. People were asking questions about their very existence in a way never before seen. In this climate, Stoppard saw the opportunity to begin writing plays that dealt with the issues of the time (Overview of Tom Stoppard). He took a whimsical spin though, on the method in which he delivered it. He embarked on the continuing journey of a great literary tradition, but diverged from its path by ridiculing it. His desire to write plays was not a spontaneous venture; during this era, many people wanted to express their thoughts and feelings, and plays were a common medium. Stoppard observed this and pondered if success and knowledge could be his as well. The general question being asked around this time was â€Å"Why are we here? † Man has always sought an answer to this question, but now more than ever was it expressed in literature and plays. Stoppard’s craft shows a propensity for humor, which offers a more light-hearted viewpoint of this previously serious and mundane subject. Stoppard asks the question of not only â€Å"Why are we here? † but also â€Å"How are we here? † as well. He explores the intricacies of life in an attempt to derive a meaning. His comical touch alleviates the heavy association of philosophy though. Whether or not his question is answered is secondary to the method in which we view it. In Stoppard’s eyes, it is more important â€Å"to live† rather than to comprehend â€Å"why we live. † This approach brought fanfare to Stoppard, as society saw his style as fresh; and a tangible device to which they could relate. Literary history has had a heavy impact on Stoppard’s method and conceptual presentation. He admits to being swooned by such masterpieces as Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett, and ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufock† by T. S. Elliot. The ideas that he extracted from these artists and their works helped him divulge his own style to which he could further literature. A parallel may be drawn between Waiting for Godot and Stoppard’s â€Å"Rosencrantz and Guildenstein are Dead. † Both works feature two men, and their journey in existentialism. Beckett’s version has them waiting for a surreal character (Godot) that, in the end, never appears. The characters are portrayed as confused, and the play takes on an air of severe depression. The play is very much an appeal to the audience, as they too are overcome by this depression. The characters slowly fade away, emotionless and unexcitable. Stoppard’s â€Å"version† though has his characters embark on a journey; a fruitless journey, but a â€Å"goal† to meet none the less. Beckett disarms his audience, while Stoppard embraces them into his play; making the audience feel at home and comfortable. Stoppard diffuses the rather â€Å"heavy† atmosphere belied by Beckett with satire and a whimsical wit. For example, In â€Å"Rosencrantz and Guildenstein are Dead,† Stoppard portrays the idea of â€Å"death† as a game. He does this in an attempt to show the audience that it is not to be feared. He achieves this by his satirical depiction of the internal â€Å"play† within â€Å"Hamlet† by Shakespeare. The characters in the â€Å"play† perish, and then the actual characters die in the exact same manner. The audience can identify with death, as all humans are concerned with their own demise. They take away though, a much less serious approach in viewing it. The other author, Elliot, often depicted his characters as stumbling and indecisive. One of his most famous works, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, deals with a man who is enamored with the variables and uncertainties of approaching a woman that he admires. In the poem, Prufrock realizes that only he cares about his decision, and whether he chooses to pursue her or not, will not matter. He sees himself as part of his own world; in which he is the â€Å"sole occupant. † He, sadly, is only coherent enough in his â€Å"world† though to realize how much he is potentially missing by not being completely immersed in it. He cannot solve this problem though, and continues wandering and pondering till the end of time. Stoppard took away from Elliot a similar stance to character development. He portrays his characters as aware, but not completely in tune with their surroundings. The effect is one of dismay, but comical as well. Stoppard’s portrayal is more humorous in nature, displaying them as bungling and unresponsive. This is exemplified in his play, Rosencrantz and Guildenstein are Dead. His characters attempt to divulge the plan and their â€Å"purpose† as designated by the King (Claudius), but are unable to fully grasp its meaning. These literary greats do not contribute the fabulous humor that Stoppard has developed though. His humorous elements can best be equated to his passion for the â€Å"Theatre of the Absurd. † This type of theater came into popularity during the 1950s and 1960s; and was applied to plays that portrayed the human situation without purpose and with absurd plot elements. This form was a reemergence of an attempt towards awareness of man’s purpose in life; the sense of wonder that man has always had concerning how things work and why. In some respect, it was anti-theater, as it went against the basic premise of regular theater. It was illogical and usually had very little or no plot (Culik). Stoppard’s fascination with this art form had a profound impact on his own personal style. Sigmund Freud, a proponent of the Absurd, said, â€Å"In trying to burst the bounds of logic and language, the absurd theater is trying to shatter the enclosing walls of the human condition itself. â€Å"(Culik) This confirms the spatial concepts that the theater was attempting to portray, and Stoppard’s comedic element is based upon this illogical and removed nature. The play Rosencrantz and Guildenstein are Dead is a satirical look upon the much more staunch play Hamlet. It delves into the lives of two supporting characters named â€Å"Rosencrantz† and â€Å"Guildenstein. † The characters ‘ unimportance is exemplified in the play by their lack of understanding and baffling thought patterns. This play shows Stoppard’s portrayal of â€Å"artificiality of theater. † The performance is not about the actual play, but the context of the play; the idea of attending the performance. The characters appeal directly to the audience, instead of becoming immersed in its story and plot. The effect is comical, as the play begins with them merely spinning coins and making bizarre implications towards the audience. Rosencrantz has spun the coin and received â€Å"heads† nearly 85 times. His humorous portrayal of the â€Å"law of averages† is his â€Å"justification† for his luck. This is the play’s first look into why things happen. The characters are unable to come to a proper conclusion though; and the path that Rosencrantz begins upon (the law of averages) cannot be farther removed from the truth. The play continues with these hilarious situations, finally having the pair receive their mission from Claudius the King. The pair ponders why they have received the mission, and why they must complete it. Stoppard constantly asserts that a â€Å"play is being read. ;† instead of allowing the reader to delve into a story. He makes the reader think of Hamlet, and its tragic implications; and applies a humorous tone to it. In the end of the play, Rosencrantz and Guildenstein are supposedly murdered (the English king is instructed to execute them, but their actual deaths are not witnessed), but instead of a grand exit, they merely fade away. Stoppard shows through this that the characters had served only a menial and insignificant purpose. The reader is unable to sympathize with the characters’ demise, as the play is portrayed with a comical tone. This disservice to death with satire is both eye widening and thought provoking. A person is assaulted with the moral implications of death, instead of offering a deaf sympathy to the character’s grief. Stoppard’s ability to allow the playgoers to analyze what they feel is his greatest achievement in the work; not the story itself. Stoppard’s play Arcadia is another intelligent play that provokes the reader to appraise man’s life long debacles. In the play, the characters attempt to grasp the mysteries of sex, and a path towards knowledge that leads to an understanding of the future. The latter is portrayed as an equation developed by Thomasina, in an attempt to control her own destiny. Her professor, Septimus, also contributes to the equation by way of a lesson to his student, Thomasina. He explains to her that the loss of knowledge isn’t the end of the world; as it is rediscovered eventually in the future. This subject is an explanation of humanity’s technological progression and our knowledge. The play attempts to allow the reader to grasp the many unknown or misunderstood concepts in life. â€Å"Mysteries† such as sex can only be acquired through practice and progression of time. Stoppard appeals to the general public that things cannot be instantly understood; they must be studied and experimented with to fully grasp the full meaning. These mysteries will eventually be solved, but it shall take time and patience; nothing is instantaneous in life. Stoppard’s inclusion of Thomasina’s â€Å"equation† is both humorous and practical in its implication. Thomasina’s goal was to create an equation that could more or less tell the future. It is humorous to surmise that a simple equation can predict the future with numbers. The limitless variables and uncertainties in life will forever impede such an â€Å"advancement. † Stoppard attempts to explain that life itself is intangible; it can neither be predicted nor reduced to a simple equation. Stoppards’ plays contain many useful outlooks on how a person should view their life on earth. People are always concerned with the future and their own death (and when it will occur). Stoppard believes that man shouldn’t view life with such a critical eye; and instead should accept certain facts to be true. Man is powerless concerning the ability to control life. There are many uncertainties in life that are both humorous and infinitely escapable to the human mind. His plays show inept characters driven into the ground by their consumption of the â€Å"study of life. † Stoppard suggests through his characters’ comical adventures that life is for living, and the consequence of a life spent longing and pondering equates to a life disenfranchised of pulp and meaning. The â€Å"meaning† which man longs for cannot be quantified; it must be experienced to break the surface of significance. Works Cited Stoppard, Tom. Arcadia. Stoppard, Tom. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead. â€Å"Tom Stoppard. † DISCovering Biography. Online Edition. Gale, 2003. Student Resource Center. Thomson Gale. 17 January 2005  http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/SRC

The President Of The United States - 1457 Words

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As the 42nd president of the United States, Bill Clinton was a great president because of his p erformance in presidential roles and policies put forth during his presidency. According to Compton’s Encyclopedia, Bill Clinton was born in Hope, Arkansas. He attended several universities including

Adolf Hitler And The Nazi War - 832 Words

Adolf Hitler is the most well known Nazi war criminal. The Holocaust affected many lives and tore apart many families. When Hitler came to power many jews attempted to flee the country. He sawt to make the entire population Aryan. Yet Hitler did not stand alone ,he had many disposable minions to do his dirty work. Hitler is a scumbag who took the cowards way out. When Hitler was a child he loved art. This is why he stole so much art during the war. During world war 1 Hitler served in the war. Hitler was a savage in the war killing without mercy. The bastard never visited a concentration camp. Hitlers first love was a jewish girl ,lacking courage he never spoke to her. Hitler also suffered from flatulence and took 28 different drugs to fight it. Hitler led the first non-smoking campaign in modern history. During ww1 a british soldier spared Hitlers life. Hitler only had one testicle. Hitler s nephew joined the U.S Navy after Hitler bombed his house. Hitler had a picture of Henry Ford behind his desk calling him an â€Å"inspiration†. Hitler was a vegetarian and made laws against animal cruelty. Hitler was saved from drowning by a priest when he was four years old. Hitler asked mercedes for a car loan while he was in jail.Hitler was nominated for the nobel peace prize. Hitler terrorized jews for multiple years. Yet he has achieved many things and escaped death on multiple occasions. What happened to this world and why did we not kill him sooner. Dr. Mengele wasShow MoreRelatedAdolf Hitler And The Nazi War2460 Words   |  10 PagesKai Chu Adolf Hitler first rose to power in the early months of 1933. Following President Hindenburg’s death in 1934, Hitler declared him the Fuhrer and assumed leadership over the nation. During this time period, leading up to the outbreak of World War 2, Hitler and the Nazi Part were able to successfully remove the political and social obstacles through the implementation of the SS, SA and Gestapo. Additionally, through the effective use of propaganda in various forms, which indoctrinated theRead MoreWorld War Two Was the Result of the Aggression and Ambition of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party991 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War Two Was the Result of the Aggression and Ambition of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party The causes of the Second World War at bottom relate to the rise of distinction of two powers and the relative decline of another. Those that rise to distinction were Germany and Japan that - Which declined was Britain. Germany and Japanonce that were ultimately prepared were now ready to alter the power structures in there perspective areas by force. Adolf Hitler and the Nazi ideologiesRead MoreAdolf Hitler: Propaganda And The World War At 1937-1945.1364 Words   |  6 Pages Adolf Hitler: Propaganda and the World War at 1937-1945 Phillip E. 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One of the most crucial and contentious problems with this treaty was it required that the country of Germany to disarm, take guilt and pay apologies toRead MoreAdolf Hitler Was A Bad Man827 Words   |  4 PagesMarch 21, 2017 Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler was a bad man who did many bad things in his lifetime. He was responsible for the Holocaust and for World War II. Who was Adolf Hitler? What motivated him as dictator of Germany? What did he do in the course of his lifetime? Adolf Hitler was born on April 20th, 1889. He was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria, of German descent (Hitler). Hitler s father s original name was Schicklgruber but he changed it in 1876 to Hitler (Adolf). Hitler had three sistersRead MoreHitler s Impact On The World War II1636 Words   |  7 Pagesa square, saluting and chanting Hitler s name. World War II has begun and many Germans hope for improvements in the economy. Their leader is Adolf Hitler. 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To initiate, Hitler’s early lifeRead MoreNazi Germany During World War I924 Words   |  4 PagesAfter World War I, Adolf Hitler formed the Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda after his rise to power in Germany. Hitler selected Dr. Joseph Goebbels as the head of the Reich Ministry to promote propaganda. â€Å"The Fà ¼hrer or Mr. Hitler explained in his book Mein Kampf why propaganda should be used to control the populace and how it had been a useful weapon for the allies during World War I. Hitler continued by criticizing the German leadership for failing to use propaganda in anyRead MoreThe Rise Of Adolf Hitler1457 Words   |  6 Pagespeople who have elected them. The rise of Dictator Adolf Hitler to supreme power in Nazi Germany would prove to be an event in history that was totally inexplicable in any terms. He was an adventurer who desired to conquer the German people and dominate the entire world, reshaping it accordingly to his desires and pleasur es. The evidence of his pestiferous acrimony is all around us, making it quite difficult to believe he did it all on his own. Hitler is one who emerges from obscurity to shake the worldRead More Adolf Hitler Essay1212 Words   |  5 Pages Adolf Hitler On April 20, 1889, the world was changed forever when Adolf Hitler was born to Alois and Klara Hitler in a little town named Braunau-am-Inn, Austria. Alois worked as a customs officer on the border crossing near their hometown. Adolf was the third born in his family, but first to survive. Later would come Edmund, who would live to the age of six, and Paula who would live to out survive Adolf himself. With a poor record in school, Adolf Hitler dropped out with ambitions of becoming

Interview Project for Age Development Learning Essay

Interview Project of School Children to Determine Stages of Development Mark (XXXXXXXXX) EDUC500 Class, Liberty University As children grow and mature they pass through several stages of development. Consequently it is important that teachers understand these developmental stages in order to be an effective teacher. This paper will analyze answers from five open ended questions asked of five children of varying ages to clarify changes in development at various ages. According to Robert E. Slavin â€Å"as children improve their cognitive skills, they are also developing self-concepts, ways of interacting with others, and attitudes toward the world† (Slavin, 2012). The five questions used for the interview†¦show more content†¦The second child interviewed was an 8th grade male named Jack. During his interview, Jack new that school was important for a good education, but he also equated school to interacting with friends for good experiences. Jack is at a stage of life where social relationships are very important and is confirmed by his answers to question numbers 1 and 3. Slavin states that during the middle school and high school years â€Å"the amount of time spent with friends increases dramatically; adolescents spend more time with their peers than they do with family members or by themselves† (Slavin, 2012, p. 69)Jack knew that cheating was not only a â€Å"bad thing†, but he also reasoned that it allowed a person to gain something that they did not deserve. The question concerning Bullies seemed to be a bit more of a dilemma for Jack. He was able to reason that sometimes bullies seek attention and the best way to deal with it was to ignore them, however he also believed that you needed to stop them from bullying other people. He admitted it was sometimes had to stop because many times kids chose not to get involved. He leaned towards Kohlberg’s Stage 3 of moral reasoning in that he indicated that you needed to stop bullies if they are picking on someone else but ignoring them if you were the subject of the bully’s attention (Sl avin, 2012, p. 59). Jack was more specific inShow MoreRelatedInterviews on Human Development Through Three Generations1532 Words   |  6 PagesThe research project given in psychology class was to pick a topic and interview three generations on the subject of my choice. In this paper I will talk about the following; each person I interviewed, their responses to the questions, the difficulties I faced, the stages of development each generation is experiencing, relating each generation to a theory, compare the similarities and differences each generation is experiencing in their stage of development, and what I learned from this experienceRead MoreDynamic Programming Model1014 Words   |  5 Pagesstudent; therefore, it cannot provide for personalized courseware, and it is difficult to keep track of students’ assignments and involvement. Educators have reported interactive and personalized teaching methods are useful in improving students learning performance. If artificial intelligence is developed, it will be able to monitor student responses. Subsequently, AI can evaluate the students feedback to determine the best path toward the mastery of the subject. 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Specifically, topics outlined in this paper will discuss the following: interview purpose, participant and question selection process, my learning experiences from the interview, what would I do next time, and application to learning from the interview and practice in family therapy. Interview Purpose Learning to communicate with children was the firstRead MoreThe 2015 Millennium Development Goals And Education1174 Words   |  5 Pageseducation for all a priority including the 2015 Millennium Development Goals and the Education for All Act. Governments and multinational institutions have been working towards achieving the 2015 Millennium Development Goals and Education for All, but one major challenge faced is finding a way to include nomadic pastoralists, specifically in Ethiopia where nearly 14% of the population are pastoralists and fare extremely low on human development indices (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RWa7ebV0kDQ). 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Comp 2 Argumentive Essay Free Essays

Argument Essay To be able to complete a family most couples have children after marriage. I believe that a child should complete a parent’s life. On the other hand I don’t believe that it is biblically right for homosexual couples to be able to adopt a child and raise that child. We will write a custom essay sample on Comp 2 Argumentive Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the bible God created man and woman for a purpose. This purpose was to be able to reproduce the population and for one man to be in love and with one woman. I do not believe that in a homosexuality house hold that a child would be raised properly and normally like most children are able to be raised. I feel putting children in that environment is suggesting that homosexuality is okay and it truly isn’t when in terms of the bible. This sin was so important to God that he directly approached the subject in the bible saying it is a sin and that a man should be with a woman and a woman should be with a man. Being a huge supporter of the Christian faith because I am apart of that faith, I believe that being a homosexual is dishonorable and truly upsets God. On the other hand I am aware that not every heterosexual home in the world is a stable and a suitable home to raise a child in. In many homes in this world there are children that are beaten, raped, hungry, and also very poorly supported. In those terms and in those cases I do believe that it may be acceptable for a child that are in those conditions to be placed in a home where they will be loved and supported and be loved. I do also agree that a homosexual couple is very capable of loving and providing and taking care of a child. If the child is being beaten and unloved and raped and other extreme conditions I would be supportive and feel that it was okay for a child to be adopted into a homosexual home. I also feel that it is hard for the children that are being adopted to be able to accept what is going on and being able to know what is natural and taboo. Same-sex couples raising children must stand ready to prove to the world they are a family, just one that happens to have two mothers or two fathers. For example I would like to share this one homosexual couple’s tory. This constant burden of proof is especially difficult for families like the Muzingos, who live in a state that doesn’t allow them to establish legal ties to each other. Michelle Muzingo was in the delivery room when her wife, Katrina, gave birth to each of their three children, who are now 7, 4 and 1. She cut their umbilical cords and was the first to hold the children, who call her â€Å"mommy. † Yet because they live i n Ohio, a state that does not allow gay couples to adopt, she is unable to make that title official. We are always scanning the circle around us to see what we need to put in place to protect ourselves,† said Katrina, 37. A report released earlier this week illustrates just how vulnerable these couples and their children are, both legally and financially. After all, 30 states do not have laws that allow same-sex parents to either adopt, while six states restrict them or impose outright bans. Even families who live in states that recognize their relationships can run into trouble if they travel or move. And if something were to happen to a parent who was unable to adopt or otherwise establish legal ties, the child might be denied certain federal benefits something that children of most heterosexual parents receive automatically. When having a child normally, with one man getting one woman that is married pregnant, it can be an extremely rocky road. Also I believe that not every home is perfect and there are many problems within each family. But I just think that too many complications can come from homosexual couples adopting a child. How to cite Comp 2 Argumentive Essay, Essay examples

The Devil and Tom Walker free essay sample

How does Irving use satire to create humor in his story ‘’The Devil and Tom Walker’’? Washington Irving, American novelist and short story writer, mastered the use of satire in his works. Through this literary device, he was able to ironically criticize institutions with the purpose of improving society. Nevertheless, the author’s subtlety plays an important role in hiding these humorous statements all along his master pieces. Irving’s short story The Devil and Tom Walker is no exception to this satire-use pattern. The tale narrates the story of a stereotypical American man named Tom Walker who trades his soul for money with the devil. The novelist creates humor in his story by satirizing the institution of marriage and human ambition. One of the first things Irving satirizes in the short story is the institution of marriage. He creates this humor by mocking scolding women and exaggerating Tom’s dysfunctional marriage. An example is clear when he describes the relationship of the couple: ‘‘Tom’s wife was a tall termagant, fierce of temper, loud of tongue, and strong of arm. Her voice was often heard in wordy warfare with her husband; and his face sometimes showed signs that their conflicts were not confined to words.’’ (Irving, p. 322). The author accentuates Tom’s arguments with his wife, and subtly exaggerates how they hit each other. Furthermore, marriage is criticized by Tom’s inability to agree with his wife. When Tom narrates to his wife the Black Man’s offer, she petitions him to accept the pact: ‘‘†¦she urged her husband to comply with the black man’s terms, and secure what would make them wealthy for life. However Tom might have felt disposed to sell himself to the devil, he was determined not to do so to oblige his wife; so he flatly refused, out of the mere spirit of contradiction.’’ (Irving, p. 327) Even though Tom was considering the devil’s offers, he decides to reject the deal only out of spite for his wife. Finally, a third example in which Irving satirizes marriage is present in Tom’s reaction to his wife’s death: ‘‘Tom consoled himself for the loss of his property with the loss of his wife, for he was a man of fortitude. He even felt something like gratitude towards the black woodman, who, he considered, had done him a kindness.’’ (Irving, p. 328) Not only does Tom show disinterest when he finds his wife’s remains, but he also feels grateful to the devil for having freed him from such a scolding woman. These three passages markedly depict Tom’s dysfunctional marriage and demonstrate Irving’s disapproval of the institution. Human ambition is also an important theme satirized in the short story. The author begins his sequence of mocks with the account of Tom’s wife desire to accept the devil’s money. After Tom decides to reject the devil’s proposal, his wife sets off to make the deal herself: ‘‘At length she determined to drive the bargain on her own account, and if she succeeded, to keep all the gain to herself. Being of the same fearless temper as her husband, she set off for the old Indian fort toward the close of a summer’s day.’’ (Irving, p. 327) This quote exemplifies the novelist’s intention of depicting Tom’s wife as an ambitious and not-cautious woman. Furthermore, it also describes her as a person who believes that it is worth the risk to meet the devil if there is money in between. Ambition is satirized once again when Tom is described as greedy. After the character finds his wife’s organs lying in the forest, he decid es to complete the pact with the imp and get his hands on the treasure: ‘‘At length, it is said, when delay had whetted Tom’s eagerness to the quick, and prepared him to agree to anything rather than not gain the promised treasure, he met the black man one evening in his usual woodsman’s dress, with his ax on his shoulder, sauntering along the swamp, and humming a tune.’’ (Irving, p. 328) This quote demonstrates how Tom sets aside precaution and allows his ambition to control his actions. Irving, once again subtlety mocks Tom’s avaricious desire, by making it seem as if he considered his wife’s death a fortunate event. Finally, by the time that Tom becomes a wealthy settled moneylender, his ambition has done nothing but grow. The author satirizes Tom’s greed through his dialogue with a desperate humble man: ‘‘The poor land-jobber begged him to grant a few months’ indulgence. Tom had grown testy and irrit ated, and refused another day. ‘My family will be ruined and brought upon the parish’, said the land-jobber. ‘Charity begins at home,† replied Tom; â€Å"I must take care of myself in these hard times.’ ’’ (Irving, p. 331) In the passage, Irving emphasizes on Tom’s claim- ‘charity begins at home’-, to show the reader how the character is still the same greedy man from the beginning. No matter how wealthy Tom may be, he will always give an excuse to refuse the pay day extension. These previous quotes evidence how the author subtlety taunts on philanthropists all throughout the story by criticizing human’s inability to overcome ambition and to care for others. Washington Irving uses his incredible skill of satire in this short story to mock on dysfunctional marriages and human ambition and to generate in the reader a sense of humor and self-reflection simultaneously. The reader is led to believe that religious institutions and philanthropic ideas of human perfection are deceitful and mistaken. Irving’s mastery of satire and subtleness combine to make ‘‘The Devil and Tom Walker’’ an incredible work of literary art.